Monday, August 27, 2012
Wednesday, August 22, 2012
Monday, August 20, 2012
Umar left Holy Prophet (sawa) and ran like mountain goat!! (Reference from Sunni books)
we find in Tafsir dur-e-manthur
أخرج ابن جرير عن كليب قال: خطب عمر يوم الجمعة فقرأ آل عمران، وكان يعجبه إذا خطب أن يقرأها فلما انتهى إلى قوله { إن الذين تولوا منكم يوم التقى الجمعان } قال: لما كان يوم أحد هزمنا، ففررت حتى صعدت الجبل، فلقد رأيتني أنزو كأنني أروى، والناس يقولون: قتل محمد فقلت: لا أجد أحداً يقول قتل محمد إلا قتلته، حتى اجتمعنا على الجبل. فنزلت { إن الذين تولوا منكم يوم التقى الجمعان… } الآية. كلها
Kulaib said that Umar recited aal-e-imran on the day of friday, and he admired this surah when he would give khotba/sermon, when eh would reach this{ إن الذين تولوا منكم يوم التقى الجمعان } part, he said
“when we were defeated on the day of uhud, we ran till we climb mountain, i saw myself climbing like moutain goat, and people were saying that mohammad asws has been killed; i said if i found anyone saying this, i will kill him; till we got collected on the moutain; then was this verse revealed in its totality”
tafsir dur-e-manthur, in explanation of verse 155 if surat aal-e-imran
online link www.altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp
Other References:
Are these references not sufficient for our Sunni Brothers!!!
Taqayya of Ibn Umar
Let us see these narrations from Muslim
No. 1461
Yahya b. Umayya said: I told 'Umar b. al-Khattab that
Allah had said:" You may shorten the prayer only if you fear that those
who are unbelievers may afflict you" (Qur'an, iv. 101), whereas the
people are now safe. He replied: I wondered about it in the same way as
you wonder about it, so I asked the Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu
alayhi wa sallam) about it and he said: It is an act of charity which
Allaah has done to you, so accept His charity.
694 وحدثنا أبو بكر بن أبي شيبة حدثنا أبو أسامة حدثنا عبيد الله عن نافع عن ابن عمر قال صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بمنى ركعتين وأبو بكر بعده وعمر بعد أبي بكر وعثمان صدرا من خلافته ثم إن عثمان صلى بعد أربعا فكان ابن عمر إذا صلى مع الإمام صلى أربعا وإذا صلاها وحده صلى ركعتين وحدثناه ابن المثنى وعبيد الله بن سعيد قالا حدثنا يحيى وهو القطان ح وحدثناه أبو كريب أخبرنا ابن أبي زائدة ح وحدثناه ابن نمير حدثنا عقبة بن خالد كلهم عن عبيد الله بهذا الإسناد نحوه
صحيح مسلم » كتاب صلاة المسافرين وقصرها » باب قصر الصلاة بمنى
Online English translation says
No. 1479
Ibn 'Umar reported: The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said two rak'ahs at Mina, and Abu Bakr after him, and 'Umar after Abu Bakr, and 'Uthman at the beginning of his caliphate; then 'Uthman observed four rak'ahs,and when Ibn 'Umar prayed with the Imam, he said four rak'ahs, but when he observed prayer alone, he said two rak'ahs.
Similar narration is there in Musanif ibn abi sheebah
Why was Ibn Umar offering two rakahs when alone? and four rakahs when with Uthman?
When he knew that it was two rakahs????
694 وحدثنا أبو بكر بن أبي شيبة حدثنا أبو أسامة حدثنا عبيد الله عن نافع عن ابن عمر قال صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بمنى ركعتين وأبو بكر بعده وعمر بعد أبي بكر وعثمان صدرا من خلافته ثم إن عثمان صلى بعد أربعا فكان ابن عمر إذا صلى مع الإمام صلى أربعا وإذا صلاها وحده صلى ركعتين وحدثناه ابن المثنى وعبيد الله بن سعيد قالا حدثنا يحيى وهو القطان ح وحدثناه أبو كريب أخبرنا ابن أبي زائدة ح وحدثناه ابن نمير حدثنا عقبة بن خالد كلهم عن عبيد الله بهذا الإسناد نحوه
صحيح مسلم » كتاب صلاة المسافرين وقصرها » باب قصر الصلاة بمنى
Online English translation says
No. 1479
Ibn 'Umar reported: The Messenger of Allaah (sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam) said two rak'ahs at Mina, and Abu Bakr after him, and 'Umar after Abu Bakr, and 'Uthman at the beginning of his caliphate; then 'Uthman observed four rak'ahs,and when Ibn 'Umar prayed with the Imam, he said four rak'ahs, but when he observed prayer alone, he said two rak'ahs.
Similar narration is there in Musanif ibn abi sheebah
Why was Ibn Umar offering two rakahs when alone? and four rakahs when with Uthman?
When he knew that it was two rakahs????
So dear Sunni Brothers why blame Shias for doing Taqayya .
Even Ibn Umar has done it.
Taqayya is not lying , it is just safeguarding your life by hiding your faith!!!
Friday, August 17, 2012
Umar Accused the Holy Prophet (pbuh) of Mission Failure!
The Holy Qur'an is VERY clear about the duties of the Messenger of Allah (swt):
[Shakir 5:92] And obey Allah and obey the messenger and be cautious; but if you turn back, then know that only a clear deliverance of the message is (incumbent) on Our messenger.
[Shakir 5:92] And obey Allah and obey the messenger and be cautious; but if you turn back, then know that only a clear deliverance of the message is (incumbent) on Our messenger.
[Shakir 24:54] Say: Obey Allah and obey the Messenger; but if you turn back, then on him rests that which is imposed on him and on you rests that which is imposed on you; and if you obey him, you are on the right way; and nothing rests on the Messenger but clear delivering (of the message).
This is, his function was to convey the Message of Islam clearly. In fact, it was compulsory on the Holy Prophet to deliver his entire Message. That is the only time he could be said to have fulfilled his Mission.
Did he deliver all his Message clearly?
The Qur'an says yes:
[Shakir 5:3]This day have I perfected for you your religion and completed My favor on you and chosen for you Islam as a religion
Allah (swt) would not declare Islam complete and perfect if he was still withholding any message from his Ummah.
The belief of the Shi'a Imamiyyah is that the Holy Prophet completed his Message and perfected his mission.
But, what about the Sunnis? well, an average Sunni would state the same thing. However, Umar, their second caliph, has a different opinion. We read:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
'Umar delivered a sermon on the pulpit of Allah's Apostle, saying, "Alcoholic drinks were prohibited by Divine Order, and these drinks used to be prepared from five things, i.e., grapes, dates, wheat, barley and honey. Alcoholic drink is that, that disturbs the mind." 'Umar added, "I wish Allah's Apostle had not left us before he had given us definite verdicts concerning three matters, i.e., how much a grandfather may inherit (of his grandson), the inheritance of Al-Kalala (the deceased person among whose heirs there is no father or son), and various types of Riba (usury)."
Sahih Al-Bukhari, Volume 7, Book 69, Number 493
Umar declared that the Holy Prophet failed to clearly deliver three important messages at least:
1. The rule of inheritance with regards of how a grandfather inherits
2. The rule of Al-Kalalah
3. The rule on the various types of riba (usury).
This is a major accusation. Naturally, the next question is, why did Allah (swt) declare Islam complete and perfect if indeed the Holy Prophet failed in his mission in these three issues??
There are only two possible options:
1. Either Umar lied upon the Holy Prophet to cover his own horrible ignorance regarding these matters,
2. Or, the Holy Prophet failed in his mission.
Going by the Qur'an, it is clear that the second option is not an option at all! So, basically, UMAR LIED!
He dishonestly accused the Holy Prophet of failing to clearly deliver His Message.
Sunnis' Extreme Ghuluww With Regards to Umar!!!
Sunnis hold certain beliefs about Umar that
really places him far, far above the level of the Prophet Muhammad,
peace be upon him and his family, and that puts the latter (i.e. the
Prophet Muhammad) among the evil-doers and polytheists. Naudhobillah! In this article, we will be examining this kufr belief of Sunnis, through their authentic hadiths, in their ghuluww worship of Umar ibn al-Khattab.
Before we start, we would like to call
the attention of our esteemed readers to a particularly evil trait in
Sunni hadiths. Usually, to praise a Sahabi, Sunni hadiths lower the rank
of the Prophet, peace be upon him and his family, such that that Sahabi
flies higher than him.
In other to prove that Uthman was a modest, shy guy, the so-called
authentic Sunni hadiths accused the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him
and his family, of appearing naked to his followers!! It is the same
satanic tactic that has been used in the hadiths we will be citing now.
In order to prove the infallibility of Umar, Sunnis have once again be
forced to portray the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his
family, as the “errand boy” of Satan!
So, let’s get started!
Shaykh Muhammad Nasir al-Din al-Albani, in his Silsilah al-Ahadith al-Sahihah, vol. 5, p. 330, Number 2261 (see also this link), records:
عن
بريدة خرج رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في بعض مغازيه فلما انصرف جاءت
جارية سوداء فقالت يا رسول الله إني نذرت إن ردك الله سالما أن أضرب بين
يديك بالدف وأتغنى . فقال لها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إن كنت نذرت
فاضربي وإلا فلا. فجعلت تضرب فدخل أبو بكر وهي تضرب ثم دخل علي وهي تضرب ثم
دخل عثمان وهي تضرب ثم دخل عمر فألقت الدف تحت أستها ثم قعدت عليه فقال
رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إن الشيطان ليخاف منك يا عمر إني كنت جالسا
وهي تضرب فدخل أبو بكر وهي تضرب ثم دخل علي وهي تضرب ثم دخل عثمان وهي تضرب
فلما دخلت أنت يا عمر ألقت الدف
Narrated Buraydah:
Allah’s
Apostle, peace be upon him, went to one of his battles. When he
returned, a black girl came to him and said, “O Allah’s Apostle, I made a
vow that you Allah returned you safely (from the battlefield), I would
beat the Daff and sing
in front of you.” Allah’s Apostle said to her, “If you indeed made that
vow, then beat. But if you did not, then do not beat.” Then she began
to beat. Abubakr entered and she continued to beat. Ali entered and she
continued to beat. Uthman entered and she continued to beat. But when
Umar entered, she threw the Daff under her buttock and sat upon
it. Upon this, Allah’s Apostle, peace be upon him, said, “Satan
CERTAINLY fears you O Umar! I was sitting and she get beating. Abubakr
entered and she continued beating. Ali entered and she continued
beating. Uthman also entered and she continued beating. But when you, O
Umar, entered, she threw away the Daff.
Shaykh al-Albani says:
صحيح
Sahih
The same hadith has been recorded by Imam al-Tirmidhi, in his Jami’ al-Tirmidhi, vol. 5, p. 620, Number 3690 (al-Albani ed.). Al-Tirmidhi himself says about the hadith:
حسن صحيح غريب
Hasan Sahih Gharib
While Shaykh al-Albani has this comment:
صحيح سند الحديث
The hadith has a sahih chain
Another version of that same hadith is recorded by Shaykh al-Albani in his Silsilah al-Ahadith al-Sahihah, vol. 4, p. 142, Number 1609 (see also this link):
عن
عبد الله بن بريدة عن أبيه أن أمة سوداء أتت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
ورجع من بعض مغازيه فقالت إني كنت نذرت إن ردك الله صالحا أن أضرب عندك
بالدف قال إن كنت فعلت فافعلي وإن كنت لم تفعلي فلا تفعلي فضربت فدخل أبو
بكر وهي تضرب ودخل غيره وهي تضرب ثم دخل عمر قال فجعلت دفها خلفها وهي
مقنعة فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إن الشيطان ليفرق منك ياعمر وزاد
أنا جالس ههنا ودخل هؤلاء فلما دخلت فعلت ما فعلت
Narrated Abdullah ibn Buraydah, from his father:
A
black girl came to Allah’s Apostle, peace be upon him, on his return
from one of his battles and said, “I made a vow that if Allah returned
you in good health, I would beat the Daff in your presence.” He
replied, “If you indeed made that vow, then beat it. But if you did not
make any vow, then don’t beat it.” She then beat the Daff. Abubakr entered and she continued to beat. Others entered while she continued to beat. But when Umar entered, she hid the Daff
behind her, and she was veiled. Then Allah’s Apostle, peace be upon
him, said, “Verily, Satan always parts way with you O Umar! I was
sitting here and others too entered. But when you entered, she did what
she did.”
Shaykh al-Albani says:
صحيح
Sahih
In his Sahih wa Da'if Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 7, p. 312, Number 3312 (see also this link), Shaykh al-Albani again records:
حدثنا مسدد ثنا الحرث بن عبيد أبو قدامة عن عبيد الله بن الأخنس عن عمرو بن شعيب عن أبيه عن جده أن
امرأة أتت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت يا رسول الله إني نذرت أن أضرب
على رأسك بالدف قال أوفي بنذرك قالت إني نذرت أن أذبح بمكان كذا وكذا مكان
كان يذبح فيه أهل الجاهلية قال لصنم قالت لا قال لوثن قالت لا قال أوفي
بنذرك
Narrated Amr ibn Shay’b, from his father, from his grandfather:
A
woman went to the Prophet, peace be upon him, and said, “O Allah’s
Apostle, I made a vow to beat Daff over your head.” He said, “Fulfil
your vow.” She then said, “I also made a vow to slaughter an animal in
sacrifice at so-and-so place where the pagans used to slaughter animals
for sacrifice.” He asked, “You want to sacrifice to the statues?” She
said, “No.” He asked again, “To the idols?” She said, “No.” Then he
said, “Fulfil your vow.”
Shaykh al-Albani says:
حسن صحيح سند الحديث
Hasan; the hadith has a sahih chain.
The points in the above hadiths are:
1.
The devil captured the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his
family, through the medium of a black girl, and made him listen to
music. Abubakr, Ali and Uthman were similarly captured by Satan.
2. The devil had complete control of the situation and was fully in charge until Umar intervened!
3.
The devil feared Umar and always parted ways with him. Therefore, as
soon as Umar arrived, the devil fled, and the Prophet, Abubakr, Ali and
Uthman were rescued from the grip of Satan by the great hero, Umar!
Another
Sunni hadith narrates another epic story where the great Umar again
saved the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his family, from the
claws of Satan! Al-Bukhari records:
Narrated Sa'd:
'Umar
bin Al-Khattab asked permission of Allah's Apostle to see him while
SOME QURAISHI WOMEN were sitting WITH HIM and they were asking him to
give them MORE FINANCIAL SUPPORT while raising their voices over the
voice of the Prophet. When 'Umar asked permission to enter, all of them hurried to screen themselves.
The Prophet admitted 'Umar and he entered, while the Prophet was
smiling. 'Umar said, "May Allah always keep you smiling, O Allah's
Apostle! Let my father and mother be sacrificed for you !" The Prophet
said, "I am astonished at these women who were with me. As soon as they heard your voice, they hastened to screen themselves."
'Umar said, "You have more right, that they should be afraid of you, O
Allah's Apostle!" And then he ('Umar) turned towards them and said, "O enemies of your souls! You are afraid of me and not of Allah's Apostle?" The women replied, "Yes, for you are sterner and harsher than Allah's Apostle." Allah's Apostle said, "O Ibn Al-Khattab! By Him in Whose Hands my life is, WHENEVER SATAN SEES YOU TAKING A WAY, HE FOLLOWS A WAY OTHER THAN YOURS!"
One
wonders why the wives of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and
his family, have been referred to in this hadith simply as “some Quraysh
women”! Also, in the other hadiths, a black girl was the agent of Satan
through which he allegedly afflicted the Prophet, peace be upon him and
his family. Guess who the Satanic agents are in the above hadith?
Sunnis
need to re-think these hadiths. How could Umar have saved the greatest
of the prophets, peace be upon them all, from the clutches on Satan on
at least two occasions? Is this not evidence of Sunni belief that Umar
was purer and better than the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and
his family? We would love to see a logical Sunni response to this
article.
In conclusion, we invite Sunnis to compare their hadiths with the clear implications of these verses:
[Shakir
15:32-44] He said: O Iblis! what excuse have you that you are not with
those who make obeisance? He said: I am not such that I should make
obeisance to a mortal whom Thou hast created of the essence of black mud
fashioned in shape. He said: Then get out of it, for surely you are
driven away: And surely on you is curse until the day of judgment. He
said: My Lord! then respite me till the time when they are raised. He
said: So surely you are of the respited ones Till the period of the time
made known. He said: My Lord! because Thou hast made life evil to me, I
will certainly make (evil) fair-seeming to them on earth, and I will
certainly cause them all to deviate Except Thy servants from among them, the devoted ones. He said: This is a right way with Me: Surely, as regards My servants, you have NO AUTHORITY over them EXCEPT THOSE WHO FOLLOW YOU of the deviators. And surely Hell is the promised place of them all: It has seven gates; for every gate there shall be a separate party of them.
And:
[Shakir 5:105] O you who believe! take care of your souls; he who errs cannot hurt you WHEN YOU ARE ON THE RIGHT WAY; to Allah is your return, of all (of you), so He will inform you of what you did.
And:
[Pickthall
16:98-100] And when thou recitest the Qur'an, seek refuge in Allah from
Satan the outcast. Lo! he hath no power over those who believe and put
trust in their Lord. His power is ONLY over those who make a friend of him, AND those who ascribe partners unto Him (Allah).
And:
[Pickthall 72:27-28] Save unto every messenger whom He hath chosen, and then He maketh a guard to go before him and a guard behind him
that He may know that they have indeed conveyed the messages of their
Lord. He surroundeth all their doings, and He keepeth count of all
things.
The facts speak for themselves.
کیا صحابہ کو بُرا بھلا کہنے والابھی واجب
اسلامی شریعت میں کسی بھی شخص پر سب و شتم کرنا حرام و کبیرہ گناہ ہے۔
مگر لعنت و تبرا عین اسلامی افعال ہیں ۔ یہ "سنت الہیہ " و "سنت رسول" ہے کیونکہ اللہ اور اسکے رسول ﷺ نے بذات خود لعنت کی ہے اور قرآن و سنت میں انکا مکمل ثبوت موجود ہے۔ لعنت کا مطلب ہے کہ کسی کے غلط فعل یا ظلم پر اللہ سے اسکے حق میں بددعا کرنا۔ جبکہ تبرا کا مطلب ہے اس سے بیزاری ظاہر کرنا۔
مذہب اہلبیت میں کسی پر سب و شتم کرنے کی ہرگز کوئی اجازت نہیں۔ اگر کوئی جاہل شخص یہ کام سر انجام دیتا ہے تو یہ اسکا اپنا ذاتی فعلِ حرام ہے اور اسکا مذہب اہلبیت سے کوئی تعلق نہیں۔
ائمہ اہلبیت علیھم السلام کی تعلیمات کے مطابق فعل حرام انجام دینے پر تنقید کی جا سکتی ہے، اور اس سے بیزاری اختیار کی جا سکتی ہے، اور اگر بہت بڑے ظلم کا ارتکاب کیا ہے تو اس پر لعنت (اللہ سے بددعا) کی جا سکتی ہے، مگر سب و شتم کسی صورت نہیں کیا جا سکتا۔ مثلا مومن کو قتل کرنا بہت بڑا ظلم ہے اور اللہ اسکے متعلق فرماتا ہے:
[سورۃ
النساء، آیت 93] وَمَن يَقْتُلْ مُؤْمِنًا مُّتَعَمِّدًا فَجَزَآؤُهُ
جَهَنَّمُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَلَعَنَهُ وَأَعَدَّ
لَهُ عَذَابًا عَظِيمًا
ترجمہ:
اور
جو شخص کسی مسلمان کو قصداً قتل کرے تو اس کی سزا دوزخ ہے کہ مدتوں اس میں
رہے گا اور اس پر اللہ غضبناک ہوگا اوراس پر لعنت کرے گا اور اس نے اس کے
لئے زبردست عذاب تیار کر رکھا ہے
اب چاہے یہ عمدا قتل کسی عام مسلمان سے ہو، یا پھر کسی صحابی یا صحابی زادے سے ہوا ہو، اسلامی شریعت میں اسکا ایک ہی قانون ہے اور اسکی ایک ہی سزا ہے۔
صحابہ پرستش کی بیماری میں مبتلا ہو کر اسلامی شریعت کو تبدیل کرنا
مسئلہ یہ ہے کہ آج اگر ہم کسی صحابی کے غلط فعل کا تذکرہ کرنا چاہیں، اس پر تنقید کرنا چاہیں، اس سے تبرا (بیزاری) اختیار کرتے ہوئے اللہ سے انکے حق میں بددعا (لعنت کریں) تو ناصبی حضرات فوراً پروپیگنڈہ شروع کر دیتے ہیں کہ یہ لوگ کافر ہو گئے ہیں کیونکہ یہ صحابہ پر سب و شتم (برا بھلا کہنا، گالیاں دینا) کر رہے ہیں، حالانکہ ان تینوں چیزوں (تنقید، تبرا و لعنت) کا سب و شتم سے کوئی تعلق نہیں۔
ناصبی حضرات کی خود ساختہ شریعت کی بات الگ ہے، ورنہ اسلامی شریعت میں صحابی کے کسی غلط فعل پر تنقید کرنے سے کوئی کفر صادر آتا ہے اور نہ ہی تبرا و لعنت کرنے سے (مثلاً رسول ﷺ نے معاویہ ابن ابی سفیان پر لعنت کی تھی کہ اللہ اسکا پیٹ کبھی نہ بھرے۔ پڑھئیےمکمل آرٹیکل یہاں پر)۔ یا پھر صحابی حکم بن العاص پر رسول اللہ ﷺ نے لعنت فرمائی (لنک)۔
بلکہ اسلامی شریعت تو اس حد تک واضح ہے کہ اگر کوئی شخص انتہا پر جا کر کسی صحابی پر سب و شتم کرتے ہوئے برا بھلا بھی کہتا ہے تب بھی وہ مسلمان ہی رہے گا اور اسکا کفر سے کوئی تعلق نہیں اور نہ ہی اسکی سزا موت ہے۔ افسوس کہ ناصبی حضرات صحابہ پرستش کی بیماری میں اس حد تک مبتلا ہیں کہ بلا شرم و خوف اسلامی شریعت کو تبدیل کر کے اپنی خود ساختہ شریعت بنا کر بیٹھ گئے ہیں، جہاں وہ صحابہ کے نام پر دوسروں کو قتل کر رہے ہوتے ہیں۔
اسلامی شریعت میں صحابی پر سب و شتم کی شرعی سزا
ابو ہریرہ نبی (صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) سے روایت کرتے ہیں:
4916
- حدثنا محمد بن الصباح البزاز، حدثنا يزيد بن هارون، أخبرنا سفيان
الثوري، عن منصور، عن أبي حازم، عن أبي هريرة، قال قال رسول الله صلى الله
عليه وسلم " لا يحل لمسلم أن يهجر أخاه فوق ثلاث فمن هجر فوق ثلاث فمات
دخل النار
"رسول اللہ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے ارشاد فرمایا:یہ کبیرہ گناہ ہے کہ کسی مسلمان کی عزت کے خلاف ناحق بات کی جائے اور یہ بھی کبیرہ گناہ ہے کہ ایک دفعہ گالی دینے پر دو دفعہ گالی دی جائے۔
سنن ابو داؤد، کتاب 41 (کتاب الادب)، حدیث 4859 (آنلائن لنک)
"رسول اللہ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے ارشاد فرمایا:یہ کبیرہ گناہ ہے کہ کسی مسلمان کی عزت کے خلاف ناحق بات کی جائے اور یہ بھی کبیرہ گناہ ہے کہ ایک دفعہ گالی دینے پر دو دفعہ گالی دی جائے۔
سنن ابو داؤد، کتاب 41 (کتاب الادب)، حدیث 4859 (آنلائن لنک)
اور سنن ابو داؤد میں ہے:
4894
حدثنا عبد الله بن مسلمة حدثنا عبد العزيز يعني ابن محمد عن العلاء عن أبيه
عن أبي هريرة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال المستبان ما قالا فعلى
البادي منهما ما لم يعتد المظلوم
حضرت ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ سے روایت کرتے ہیں رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ دو گالم گلوچ کرنے والے جو کچھ ایک دوسرے کو بکتے ہیں ان سب کا گناہ پہل کرنے والے پر ہوگا جب تک کہ مظلوم جسے پہلے گالی دی گئی زیادتی نہ کرے۔
حوالہ: سنن ابو داؤد (آنلائن لنک)
حضرت ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ سے روایت کرتے ہیں رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ دو گالم گلوچ کرنے والے جو کچھ ایک دوسرے کو بکتے ہیں ان سب کا گناہ پہل کرنے والے پر ہوگا جب تک کہ مظلوم جسے پہلے گالی دی گئی زیادتی نہ کرے۔
حوالہ: سنن ابو داؤد (آنلائن لنک)
چنانچہ شریعت کا اصول ہے کہ کسی مسلمان کی شان میں ناحق باتیں کرناکبیرہ گناہ ہے مگر اس کی سزا میں زیادہ سے زیادہ جواب میں ایک دفعہ گالی دی جا سکتی ہے، اور اگر جواب میں دو دفعہ گالی دے دی جائے تو یہ بھی گناہ کبیرہ ہو گا۔ یہ اسلام میں سب و شتم کرنے کی شرعی سزا ہے،اور یہ سزا اس بات سے قطع نظر ہے کہ یہ سب و شتم ایک عام مسلمان کو کیا جائے یا پھر کسی صحابی کو۔
عبد اللہ سے روایت ہے:
رسول اللہ (ص) نے فرمایا : ایک مسلمان کو گالی دینا فسق ہے اور اس کو قتل کر دینا کفر۔
حوالہ: صحیح بخاری، جلد ۹، کتاب ۸۸، حدیث ۱۹۷
حوالہ: صحیح بخاری، جلد ۹، کتاب ۸۸، حدیث ۱۹۷
حضرت ابو بکر خود اس بات کی گواھی دیتے ہیں۔
4365 -
حدثنا موسى بن إسماعيل، حدثنا حماد، عن يونس، عن حميد بن هلال، عن النبي
صلى الله عليه وسلم ح وحدثنا هارون بن عبد الله، ونصير بن الفرج، قالا
حدثنا أبو أسامة، عن يزيد بن زريع، عن يونس بن عبيد، عن حميد بن هلال، عن
عبد الله بن مطرف، عن أبي برزة، قال كنت عند أبي بكر رضي الله عنه فتغيظ
على رجل فاشتد عليه فقلت تأذن لي يا خليفة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم
أضرب عنقه قال فأذهبت كلمتي غضبه فقام فدخل فأرسل إلى فقال ما الذي قلت
آنفا قلت ائذن لي أضرب عنقه . قال أكنت فاعلا لو أمرتك قلت نعم . قال
لا والله ما كانت لبشر بعد محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم . قال أبو داود هذا
لفظ يزيد قال أحمد بن حنبل أى لم يكن لأبي بكر أن يقتل رجلا إلا بإحدى
الثلاث التي قالها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كفر بعد إيمان أو زنا بعد
إحصان أو قتل نفس بغير نفس وكان للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يقتل
ترجمہ:
ابو
برزہ کہتے ہیں کہ میں ابو بکرابن ابی قحافہ کے ساتھ تھا۔ اُن کا ایک آدمی
سے جھگڑا ہو گیا اور گرم الفاظ کا تبادلہ بھی ہوا۔ میں نے کہا: اے خلیفہ
رسول! اگر آپ اجازت دیں تو میں اس کا گلا کاٹ دوں؟ میرے یہ الفاظ سن کرجناب
ابو بکر کا غصہ دور ہو گیا اور وہ اٹھ کر اندر چلے گئے۔ پھر انہوں نے مجھ
کو بلا بھیجا اور کہا: "تم نے ابھی کیا کہا کہ اگر میں کہوں تو تم اس کو
قتل تک کر دو گے"؟ میں نے کہا،"جی ہاں"۔ اس پر حضرت ابو بکر بولے، "نہیں،
میں اللہ کی قسم کہا کر کہتا ہوں کہ رسول اللہ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم)
کے علاوہ اس بات کی کسی کے لیے اجازت نہیں ہے"۔ حوالہ: سنن ابو داؤد، کتاب
38، حدیث4350 (آنلائن لنک)
اور سنن نسائی میں ہے کہ حضرت ابو بکر نے اس شخص کو کہا "تیری ماں تجھ پر روئے کہ تو وہ کام کرنا چاہتا ہے جو رسول ﷺ کی وفات کے بعد کسی کے لیے جائز نہیں رہا)۔
معاویة
بن صالح اشعری، عبد اللہ بن جعفر، عبید اللہ، زید، عمرو بن مرة، ابونضرة،
ابوبرزة سے روایت ہے کہ حضرت ابوبکر ایک شخص پر سخت غضبناک ہوئے یہاں تک کہ
اس شخص کا رنگ تبدیل ہوگیا۔ میں نے عرض کیا اے خلیفہ رسول صلی اللہ علیہ
وآلہ وسلم! خدا کی قسم اگر تم مجھ کو حکم دو تو میں اس شخص کی گردن اڑا
دوں۔ میری یہ بات کہتے ہی وہ ایسے ہو گئے کہ جیسے ان پر ٹھنڈا پانی ڈال دیا
گیا ہو اور ان کا غصہ اس شخص کی طرف سے زائل ہوگیا اور کہنے لگے کہ اے
ابوبرزہ تمہاری ماں تم پر روئے (یہ عرب کا ایک محاورہ ہے) یہ مقام کسی کو
حاصل نہیں ہے رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کے بعد۔ حضرت امام
نسائی نے فرمایا اس روایت کی اسناد میں غلطی ہوگئی ہے اور ابونضرہ کی بجائے
ابونضر ٹھیک ہے اور اس کا نام حمید بن ہلال ہے حضرت شعبہ نے اس طریقہ سے
روایت کیا ہے۔
کیا ناصبی حضرات کے لیے یہ اسوہ صدیقی کافی نہیں کہ وہ صحابہ کے نام پر دوسروں کو کافر بنانے اور اُن کو قتل کرنے سے باز آ جائیں؟ مگر مسئلہ پھر وہی ہے کہ ناصبی حضرات صحابہ پرستش کی بیماری کا ایسا شکار ہیں کہ جس میں انہوں نے صحابہ کے مرتبے کو اٹھا کر انہیں رسول ﷺ کا ہم مرتبہ بنا دیا ہے (معاذ اللہ)۔
بے شمار مواقع ایسے آئے کہ صحابہ نے رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کی موجودگی میں ایک دوسرے کو گالیاں دیں، مگر آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے اس جرم کی سزا کے طور پر کبھی کسی شخص کے قتل کا حکم جاری نہیں کیا۔
امام احمد بن حنبل ابو ہریرہ سے روایت کرتے ہیں:
"ایک
شخص حضرت ابو بکر کو گالیاں دے رہا تھا اور رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم)
اسے دیکھ کر ہنس رہے تھے۔ جب وہ شخص باز نہیں آیا تو حضرت ابو بکر نے بھی
اسے جواب دینا شروع کر دیا۔ اس پر رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) اٹھ کر
چلے گئے۔
ابو بکر نے کہا، "یا رسول اللہ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم)، جب تک وہ مجھے گالیاں دے رہا تھا آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) بیٹھے سنتے (اور مسکراتے) رہے۔ مگر جیسے ہی میں نے جواب دینا شروع کیا تو آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) ناراض ہو گئے"
رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے فرمایا، "اے ابو بکر، جب وہ تمکو گالیاں دے رہا تھا، تو ایک فرشتہ تمہاری طرف سے اسکو جواب دے رہا تھا۔ مگر جب تم نے خود جواب دینا شروع کیا تو شیطان آ گیا۔ اور میں اور شیطان ایک جگہ نہیں بیٹھ سکتے"۔
حوالہ: (مسند احمد بن حنبل، جلد 2، صفحہ 436)
ابو بکر نے کہا، "یا رسول اللہ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم)، جب تک وہ مجھے گالیاں دے رہا تھا آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) بیٹھے سنتے (اور مسکراتے) رہے۔ مگر جیسے ہی میں نے جواب دینا شروع کیا تو آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) ناراض ہو گئے"
رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے فرمایا، "اے ابو بکر، جب وہ تمکو گالیاں دے رہا تھا، تو ایک فرشتہ تمہاری طرف سے اسکو جواب دے رہا تھا۔ مگر جب تم نے خود جواب دینا شروع کیا تو شیطان آ گیا۔ اور میں اور شیطان ایک جگہ نہیں بیٹھ سکتے"۔
حوالہ: (مسند احمد بن حنبل، جلد 2، صفحہ 436)
یہی روایت سنن ابو داؤد میں بھی موجود ہے:
4898 -
حدثنا عيسى بن حماد، أخبرنا الليث، عن سعيد المقبري، عن بشير بن المحرر،
عن سعيد بن المسيب، أنه قال بينما رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم جالس ومعه
أصحابه وقع رجل بأبي بكر فآذاه فصمت عنه أبو بكر ثم آذاه الثانية فصمت عنه
أبو بكر ثم آذاه الثالثة فانتصر منه أبو بكر فقام رسول الله صلى الله عليه
وسلم حين انتصر أبو بكر فقال أبو بكر أوجدت على يا رسول الله فقال رسول
الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " نزل ملك من السماء يكذبه بما قال لك فلما
انتصرت وقع الشيطان فلم أكن لأجلس إذ وقع الشيطان " .
ترجمہ:
عیسی
بن حماد لیث، سعید مقبری، بشیربن محر ر، حضرت سعید بن المسیب فرماتے ہیں کہ
ایک بار رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم تشریف فرما تھے اور آپ کے ساتھ
آپ کے صحابہ کرام بھی تھے ایک شخص نے حضرت ابوبکر رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ کے
بارے میں زبان درازی کی اور انہیں ایذا دی تو حضرت ابوبکر رضی اللہ تعالی
عنہ خاموش رہے اس نے پھر دوسری بار ابوبکر رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ کو تکلیف دی
تو بھی وہ چپ رہے اس نے تیسری بار بھی تکلیف پہنچائی تو صدیق اکبر رضی اللہ
تعالی عنہ نے اسے جواب میں کچھ کہہ دیا۔ جونہی ابوبکر رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ
نے جواب دیا تو رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم اٹھ کھڑے ہوئے تو ابوبکر
رضی اللہ تعالی عنہ نے کہا یا رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کیا آپ
مجھ پر ناراض ہیں؟ تو رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ
آسمان سے ایک فرشتہ نازل ہوا ہے وہ اس تکلیف پہنچانے والی کی تکذیب کرتا
رہا جب تم نے اسے جواب دیا تو درمیان میں شیطان آپڑا لہذا جب شیطان آپڑے تو
میں بیٹھنے والا نہیں ہوں۔
حوالہ: سنن ابو داؤد، کتاب الادب (آنلائن لنک)
صحابہ کے ایک دوسرے کو گالیاں دینے کے واقعات
صحیح بخاری اور دیگر کتب میں سینکڑوں واقعات ہیں جہاں صحابہ ایک دوسرے کو بُرا بھلا کہہ رہے ہیں۔ مگر اسکے باوجود نہ رسول ﷺ نے، صحابہ نے، نہ تابعین نے ۔۔۔ کسی نے بھی اسکے لیے انہیں کافر مانا اور نہ ہی ان کے قتل کا فتوی جاری کیا۔
2620 ـ
حدثنا إسماعيل، قال حدثني أخي، عن سليمان، عن هشام بن عروة، عن أبيه، عن
عائشة ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أن نساء، رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كن حزبين
فحزب فيه عائشة وحفصة وصفية وسودة، والحزب الآخر أم سلمة وسائر نساء رسول
الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، وكان المسلمون قد علموا حب رسول الله صلى الله
عليه وسلم عائشة،۔۔۔، فأرسلن زينب بنت جحش، فأتته فأغلظت، وقالت إن نساءك
ينشدنك الله العدل في بنت ابن أبي قحافة. فرفعت صوتها، حتى تناولت عائشة. وهى قاعدة،فسبتهاحتى إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم لينظر إلى عائشة هل تكلم قال فتكلمت عائشة ترد على زينب، حتى أسكتتها. قالت فنظر النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم إلى عائشة، وقال " إنها بنت أبي بكر ".
ترجمہ:
رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کی ازواج دو گروہوں میں بٹی ہوئی تھیں۔
ایک گروہ میں عائشہ، حفضہ، صفیہ اور سودہ تھیں، جبکہ دوسرے میں ام سلمہ اور
دوسری ازواج شامل تھیں۔ مسلمانوں کو علم تھا کہ آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ
وسلم) عائشہ سے بہت محبت کرتے تھے۔ اس لیے اگر ان کو آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و
آلہ وسلم) کو کوئی تحفہ دینا ہوتا تھا تو وہ اس بات کا انتظار کرتے تھے کہ
آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) حضرت عائشہ کے گھر میں پہنچ جائیں تو پھر
آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کو تحفہ دیا جائے۔۔۔۔پھر انہوں نے ام المومنین حضرت زینب بنت جحش کو بھیجا جنہوں سخت الفاظ میں کہا، " آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کی ازواج درخواست کرتی ہیں کہ ان سے اور ابن ابو قحافہ کی بیٹی سے برابر کا سلوک کیا جائے۔" پھر انہوں نے حضرت عائشہ کے منہ پر بلند آواز میں انہیں بُرا بھلا (عربی لفظ : فسبتها) کہنا شروع کر دیا حتیکہ آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے حضرت عائشہ کی طرف دیکھنا شروع کر دیا کہ شاید اب وہ جواب دیں۔حضرت عائشہنے پھر حضرت زینب کو جواب دینا شروع کیااور اس زور کا دیاکہ حضرت زینب خاموش ہو گئیں۔ اس پر آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نےحضرت عائشہ کی طرف دیکھ کر کہا، "یہ واقعی ابو بکر کی بیٹی ہے۔"
حوالہ: صحیح بخاری، جلد 3، کتاب 47، حدیث 755 (آنلائن لنک)
اور صحیح بخاری میں ابوصالح سے روایت ہے:
508 ـ
حدثنا أبو معمر، قال حدثنا عبد الوارث، قال حدثنا يونس، عن حميد بن هلال،
عن أبي صالح، أن أبا سعيد، قال قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وحدثنا آدم بن
أبي إياس قال حدثنا سليمان بن المغيرة قال حدثنا حميد بن هلال العدوي قال
حدثنا أبو صالح السمان قال رأيت أبا سعيد الخدري في يوم جمعة يصلي إلى شىء
يستره من الناس، فأراد شاب من بني أبي معيط أن يجتاز بين يديه فدفع أبو
سعيد في صدره، فنظر الشاب فلم يجد مساغا إلا بين يديه، فعاد ليجتاز فدفعه
أبو سعيد أشد من الأولى، فنال من أبي سعيد، ثم دخل على مروان فشكا إليه ما
لقي من أبي سعيد، ودخل أبو سعيد خلفه على مروان فقال ما لك ولابن أخيك يا
أبا سعيد قال سمعت النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول " إذا صلى أحدكم إلى
شىء يستره من الناس، فأراد أحد أن يجتاز بين يديه فليدفعه، فإن أبى
فليقاتله، فإنما هو شيطان "
ترجمہ:
ابوصالح وسمان روایت کرتے ہیں کہ میں نے ابوسعید خدری رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ
کو جمعہ کے دن دیکھا کہ وہ کسی چیز کی طرف (منہ کر کے) نماز پڑھ رہے تھے،
پس ایک جو ان نے جو (قبیلہ) بنی ابی معیط سے تھا، یہ چاہا کہ ان کے آگے سے
نکل جائے، تو حضرت ابوسعید رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ نے اس کے سینہ میں دھکا
دیا، لیکن اس جوان نے کوئی راستہ نکلنے کا ماسوائے ان کے آگے کے نہ دیکھا
تو پھر اس نے چاہا کہ نکل جائے، ابوسعید رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ نے پہلے سے
زیادہ سخت اسے دھکا دیا، اس پر اس نے ابوسعید کو بُرا بھلا کہا (عربی لفظ:
فنال) ، اس کے وہ مروان کے پاس گیا، اور ابوسعید رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ سے جو
معاملہ ہوا تھا، اس کی مروان سے شکایت کی، اور اس کے پیچھے (پیچھے)
ابوسعید (بھی) مروان کے پاس گئے، تو مروان نے کہا کہ اے ابوسعید تمہارا اور
تمہارے بھتیجے کے درمیان کیا معاملہ ہے، ابوسعید نے کہا میں نے نبی صلی
اللہ علیہ وسلم کو یہ فرماتے ہوئے سنا ہے کہ جب تم میں سے کوئی شخص کسی
ایسی چیز کی طرف نماز پڑھ رہا ہو، جو اسے لوگوں سے چھپالے پھر کوئی شخص اس
کے سامنے سے نکلنا چاہے تو اسے چاہئے کہ اسے ہٹا دے اگر وہ نہ مانے تو اس
سے لڑے، اس لئے کہ وہ شیطان ہی ہے۔
نوٹ: اوپر اس نوجوان کے لیے (تابعی) کا لفظ ہم نے اپنی طرف سے استعمال نہیں کیا ہے، بلکہ یہ صحیح بخاری کے سعودی اہل حدیث مترجم (انگریزی) محسن خان کی طرف سے ہے۔
صحیح بخاری میں حضرت انس سے روایت ہے:
2732 ـ
حدثنا مسدد، حدثنا معتمر، قال سمعت أبي أن أنسا ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قال قيل
للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم لو أتيت عبد الله بن أبى. فانطلق إليه النبي
صلى الله عليه وسلم وركب حمارا، فانطلق المسلمون يمشون معه، وهى أرض سبخة،
فلما أتاه النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقال إليك عني، والله لقد آذاني نتن
حمارك. فقال رجل من الأنصار منهم والله لحمار رسول الله صلى الله عليه
وسلم أطيب ريحا منك. فغضب لعبد الله رجل من قومه فشتما، فغضب لكل واحد
منهما أصحابه، فكان بينهما ضرب بالجريد والأيدي والنعال، فبلغنا أنها أنزلت
{وإن طائفتان من المؤمنين اقتتلوا فأصلحوا بينهما}
ترجمہ:
رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) سے کہا گیا کہ وہ عبد اللہ بن ابئ کی خبر
لیں۔ چنانچہ آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) ایک گدھے پر سوار ھوئے اور
مسلمانوں کی ہمراہی میں ایک بنجر میدان سے ہوتے ہوئے چلے۔ جب آپ(صلی اللہ
علیہ و آلہ وسلم) عبد اللہ بن ابئ کے پاس پہنچے تو اس نے کہا، "مجھ سے دور
رہیں۔ اللہ کی قسم آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کے گدھے کی بدبو مجھے
پریشان کر رہی ہے۔" اس پر ایک انصاری نے کہا، "اللہ کی قسم، آپ(صلی اللہ
علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کے گدھے کی بدبو تمہاری بدبو سے اچھی ہے" اس پر عبد اللہ
کے قبیلے کا ایک شخص عبد اللہ کی خاطر غصے ہو گیا اور دونوں نے ایک دوسرے
کو گالیاں (نبی (صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کی موجودگی میں) دینی شروع کر
دیں۔ اس پر دونوں کے دوستوں کو غصہ آ گیا اور دونوں گروہوںمیں ڈنڈوں،
ہاتھوں اور جوتوں کے ساتھ لڑائی شروع ہو گئی۔ ہمیں بتایا گیا ہے کہ یہ آیت
اس موقع پر نازل ھوئی: "اگر مومنین کے دو گروہوں کے درمیان لڑائی ہو جائے
تو ان میں صلح کرا دو۔"(49:9)
حوالہ: صحیح بخاری، جلد 3، کتاب 49، حدیث 856 (آنلائن لنک)
حسان بن ثابت صحابی رسول اللہ (ص) کے شاعر تھے اور جب کفار رسول اللہ (ص) کی ہجو میں شعر کہتے تھے تو حسن بن ثابت صحابی انکو جواب دیتے تھے۔ مگر یہ وہی صحابی ہیں جنہوں نے واقعہ افک میں حضرت عائشہ پر ناپاک دامنی کا الزام لگایا تھا۔ اس وجہ سے صحابہ انکو بُرا بھلا کہتے تھے۔ انکے متعلق صحیح بخاری اور صحاح ستہ میں بے شمار روایات ہیں:
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ
أَنْبَأَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي الضُّحَی عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ
قَالَ دَخَلَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ عَلَی عَائِشَةَ فَشَبَّبَ وَقَالَ
حَصَانٌ رَزَانٌ مَا تُزَنُّ بِرِيبَةٍ وَتُصْبِحُ غَرْثَی مِنْ لُحُومِ
الْغَوَافِلِ قَالَتْ لَسْتَ کَذَاکَ قُلْتُ تَدَعِينَ مِثْلَ هَذَا
يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْکِ وَقَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّی کِبْرَهُ
مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَتْ وَأَيُّ عَذَابٍ أَشَدُّ مِنْ الْعَمَی وَقَالَتْ
وَقَدْ کَانَ يَرُدُّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَسَلَّمَ
ترجمہ:
محمد
بن بشار، ابن ابی عدی، شعیب، اعمش، ابی الضحی، مسروق، حضرت عائشہ رضی اللہ
تعالیٰ عنہا سے روایت کرتے ہیں کہ حضرت حسان شاعر نے حضرت عائشہ رضی اللہ
تعالیٰ عنہا سے اندر آنے کی اجازت مانگی تو حضرت عائشہ رضی اللہ تعالیٰ
عنہا کی تعریف میں یہ شعر پڑھا۔ یعنی عاقلہ ہے پاک دامن ہے اور نیک بخت ہی ۔
صبح کرتی ہیں بھوکی مگر بے گناہ کا گوشت نہیں کرتی۔ حضرت عائشہ رضی اللہ
تعالیٰ عنہا نے کہا کہ تم تو ایسے نہیں ہو میں نے عرض کیا آپ ایسے آدمی کو
کیوں آنے دیتی ہیں جس کے لئے اللہ تعالیٰ نے یہ آیت نازل فرمائی ہے کہ
(وَالَّذِي تَوَلَّی کِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمْ الخ) آخر آیت تک حضرت عائشہ رضی
اللہ تعالیٰ عنہا نے فرمایا اندھے ہونے سے زیادہ اور کیا عذاب ہوگا اور یہ
نبی صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کی طرف سے (کفار کو) جواب دیتے تھے۔
اور حسان بن ثابت کی یہ حدیث:
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ
عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ
اسْتَأْذَنَ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي هِجَائِ الْمُشْرِکِينَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَکَيْفَ بِنَسَبِي فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ
لَأَسُلَّنَّکَ مِنْهُمْ کَمَا تُسَلُّ الشَّعَرَةُ مِنْ الْعَجِينِ وَعَنْ
هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ ذَهَبْتُ أَسُبُّ حَسَّانَ
عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَتْ لَا تَسُبُّهُ فَإِنَّهُ کَانَ يُنَافِحُ عَنْ
رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
ترجمہ:
محمد
عبدہ ہشام بن عروہ حضرت عائشہ رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہا سے روایت کرتے ہیں
انہوں نے بیان کیا کہ حسان بن ثابت رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ نے رسول اللہ صلی
اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم سے مشرکین کی ہجو بیان کرنے کی اجازت چاہی تو رسول
اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ میرے نسب کا کیا کرو گے (یعنی
مشرکین میں بعض کا ہم سے نسبی تعلق ہے اگر ان کی ہجو کرو گے تو میری بھی
ہجو ہوگی) حسان رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ نے عرض کیا میں آپ کو اس سے اس طرح
نکال دوں گا جس طرح بال آٹے سے نکالا جاتا ہے ہشام بن عروہ نے اپنے والد سے
نقل کیا انہوں نے کہا کہ میں نے حضرت عائشہ کے سامنے حسان کو بُرا بھلا
کہا۔ اس پر حضرت عائشہ نے فرمایا کہ حسان رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ کو برا بھلا
نہ کہو اس لئے کہ وہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کی طرف سے جواب
دیتے تھے۔
حضرت عائشہ سے روایت ہے:
سعد بن
معاد کھڑے ہو گئے اور کہا، "یا رسول اللہ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم)! اللہ
کی قسم، میں آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) کو اس سے نجات دلاؤں گا۔ اگر وہ
شخص اوس کے قبیلے سے ہو گا، تو ہم اس کا سر تن سے جدا کر دیں گے۔ اگر وہ
ہمارے بھائیوں خزرج سے ہو گا، تو ہم کو حکم دیں، ہم اس کی تعمیل کریں گے۔"
اس پر سعد بن عبادہ، جو کہ قبیلہ خزرج کے سردار تھے اور اس سے پہلے نیک شخص
تھے، قبائلی عصبیعت میں آ کر کھڑے ہو گئے اور کہا، "اللہ کی قسم، تم جھوٹ
بولتے ہو، تم اس کو قتل نہیں کر سکتے ہو، اور کبھی قتل نہیں کرو گے" اس پر
اسید کھڑا ہو گیا اور (سعد کو) کہا،" اللہ کی قسم، تم جھوٹ بولتے ہو،اللہ
کی قسم، ہم اس کو قتل کریں گے۔ اور تم خود منافق ہو اور ایک منافق کا دفاع
کر رہے ہو"اس پر اوس اور خزرج کے قبائل جوش میں آ گئے اور ایک دوسرے سے
لڑنا چاھتے تھے، جبکہ رسول(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) وہاں موجود تھے۔
آپ(صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہ وسلم) نے ان لوگوں کو اتنی دیر چپ کرایا کہ وہ
خاموش ہو گئے۔ اس دن میں اتنا رویا کہ میرے آنسو رکتے تھے اورنہ مجھے نیند
آتی تھی۔
حوالہ: صحیح بخاری، جلد 3، کتاب 48، حدیث 829
حضرت سلیمان بن صرد سے روایت ہے:
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی بْنُ يَحْيَی وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَائِ قَالَ
يَحْيَی أَخْبَرَنَا و قَالَ ابْنُ الْعَلَائِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو
مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ
بْنِ صُرَدٍ قَالَ اسْتَبَّ رَجُلَانِ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَعَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا تَحْمَرُّ عَيْنَاهُ وَتَنْتَفِخُ
أَوْدَاجُهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُ کَلِمَةً لَوْ قَالَهَا لَذَهَبَ عَنْهُ الَّذِي يَجِدُ
أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَهَلْ
تَرَی بِي مِنْ جُنُونٍ
ترجمہ:
یحیی
بن یحیی، محمد بن علاء، علاء ابومعاویہ اعمش، عدی بن ثابت حضرت سلیمان بن
صرد سے روایت ہے کہنبی صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کے پاس دو آدمیوں (صحابہ)نے آپس
میں ایک دوسرے کو گالی دی ان میں سے ایک آدمی کی آنکھیں سرخ ہو گئیں اور اس
کی گردن کی رگیں پھول گئیں رسول اللہ نے فرمایا میں ایک ایسا کلمہ جانتا
ہوں کہ اگر یہ آدمی اسے کہ لے تو اس سے (یہ غصہ) جاتا رہے (وہ کلمہ یہ
ہے)أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ وہ آدمی عرض کرنے لگا
کیا آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم مجھ میں جنون خیال کر رہے ہیں
حوالہ: صحیح مسلم، کتاب 32، حدیث 6316
علقمہ اپنے باپ سے روایت کرتے ہیں:
أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَعِيلُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ قَالَ
حَدَّثَنَا حَاتِمٌ عَنْ سِمَاکٍ ذَکَرَ أَنَّ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ وَائِلٍ
أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ کَانَ قَاعِدًا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ
صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ جَائَ رَجُلٌ يَقُودُ آخَرَ
بِنِسْعَةٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَتَلَ هَذَا أَخِي فَقَالَ لَهُ
رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَقَتَلْتَهُ قَالَ يَا
رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ لَمْ يَعْتَرِفْ أَقَمْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْبَيِّنَةَ
قَالَ نَعَمْ قَتَلْتُهُ قَالَ کَيْفَ قَتَلْتَهُ قَالَ کُنْتُ أَنَا
وَهُوَ نَحْتَطِبُ مِنْ شَجَرَةٍ فَسَبَّنِي فَأَغْضَبَنِي فَضَرَبْتُ
بِالْفَأْسِ عَلَی قَرْنِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَلْ لَکَ مِنْ مَالٍ تُؤَدِّيهِ عَنْ نَفْسِکَ قَالَ
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَالِي إِلَّا فَأْسِي وَکِسَائِي۔۔۔
ترجمہ:
اسماعیل بن مسعود، خالد، حاتم، سماک، علقمہ بن وائل سے روایت ہے کہ وہ حضرت
رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم کے پاس بیٹھے ہوئے تھے اس دوران ایک
شخص آیا۔ ایک دوسرے شخص کو کھینچتا ہوا رسی پکڑ کر انہوں نے کہا یا رسول
اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم اس نے میرے بھائی کو مار ڈالا ہے۔ اس پر حضرت
رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے اس سے دریافت کیا کہ کیا تم نے اس
کو قتل کیا ہے؟ انہوں نے کہا یا رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم اگر یہ
اقرار نہ کرتا تو میں گواہ لاتا۔ اس دوران اس نے کہا میں نے قتل کیا ہے۔ آپ
صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے فرمایا کس طریقہ سے مارا اور قتل کیا ہے۔ اس
نے کہا میں اور اس کا بھائی دونوں لکڑیاں اکھٹا کر رہے تھے ایک درخت کے
نیچے اس دوران اس نے مجھ کو گالی دی مجھ کو غصہ آیا میں نے کلہاڑی اس کے سر
پر ماری (وہ مر گیا) اس پر حضرت رسول کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم نے
ارشاد فرمایا تمہارے پاس مال ہے جو کہ تم اپنی جان کے عوض ادا کرے۔ اس نے
کہا یا رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وآلہ وسلم میرے پاس تو کچھ نہیں ہے علاوہ
اس کمبل اور کلہاڑی کے۔
نوٹ: پہلے صحابی (قاتل) نے یھی وہی بہانہ کیا جو کہ سپاہ صحابہ قتل کرنے کے بعد کرتی ہے (یعنی اس نے اس لیے قتل کیا کیونکہ دوسرے نے گالی دی تھی)۔
صحیح بخاری، جلد 1، کتاب 9، حدیث 488 (آنلائن لنک)
حوالہ: صحیح بخاری، کتاب التفسیر
حوالہ: صحیح مسلم، کتاب 16، حدیث 4164
Thursday, August 16, 2012
Wednesday, August 15, 2012
The Sahabah: How Equitable Were They?
The issue of the sahābah and the degree of their justice is one of the
most contested issues and the most sensitive. The Sunnis are of the view
that ALL the sahābah are fair and just and cannot be charged of any
wrongdoing whatsoever. They cannot be criticized or doubted with regard
to their views about the traditions of the Messenger of Allāh . Thus,
Sunnis adhere to everything a sahābi narrates. According to the Sunnis,
as mentioned by al-Nawawi in the Introduction to his Sharh Sahīh Muslim,
the sahābi “... is any Muslim who saw the Messenger of Allāh (S)even
for a moment. This is accurate, and it is the line of Ibn Hanbal,
al-Bukhāri in his Sahīh, and of all traditionists.”[113]
As for the
Shī`ahs, they are of the view that the sahābah are not all equal in the
degree of their justice and equity, and they are liable to be criticized
and critiqued, relying on convincing proofs from the Glorious Book and
the Purified Sunnah.
As regarding the lie that the Shī`ahs consider all
the sahābah as unbelievers, in addition to cursing and condemning them,
it is an outrageous lie and nothing else. Criticizing a sahābi does not
mean calling him unbeliever as some idiots propagate. If such a
criticism is based on convincing proofs, why should anyone be angry, and
why such a fuss? Among the sahābah are believers whom Allāh praised in
the Holy Qur`ān saying, “Allāh was pleased with the believers when they
swore fealty to you [O Muhammad!] under the tree [at Hudaybiya]: He knew
what was in their hearts, and He sent down tranquility upon them, and
He rewarded them with a speedy victory” (Qur`ān, 48:18).
As `allāma Lutfallāh al-Sāfi has stated with regard to this
verse, Allāh Almighty specifically meant those who believed from among
the attendants of the fealty ceremony under that tree, and [His
Pleasure] was not extended to the hypocrites who also attended it such
as Abdullāh ibn Ubayy and Aws ibn Khawli, etc. There is no clue in the
verse that it was in reference to ALL those who swore fealty, and it
does not indicate the good outcome of all believers who swore it. The
verse does not convey any meaning beyond the Pleasure of Allāh with them
for having sworn this fealty [to His Messenger]. That is to say, He
accepted such an oath, and He rewards for it. The Pleasure of Allāh with
those who swore this fealty does not obligate His Pleasure with them
for eternity. The evidence for this is what He, the Almighty, said about
them: “Truly those who pledge their fealty to you [O Muhammad!] do no
less than pledge their fealty to Allāh: the hand of Allāh is above their
hands” (Qur`ān, 48:10). Had some of those who swore fealty not renege
in his oath, and had the Pleasure of Allāh been with them forever, there
would have been no use for this verse of the Almighty: “... Then anyone
who violates his oath does so to the harm of his own soul” (Qur`ān,
48:10).
Among the sahābah were those predicted by the Messenger of
Allāh (S)to revert to pre-Islamic beliefs after the Prophet`s demise and
would perish on the Day of Judgment. We know this from the following
tradition which al-Bukhāri cites in his Sahīh with the isnād to Sahl ibn
Sa`d who said, “I heard the Prophet (S)say, “I shall precede you at the
Pool [of Kawthar]. Whoever reaches it will drink of it, and whoever
drinks of it shall never taste of thirst. People whom I know and who
know me shall meet me there, but a barrier shall be placed between us.”
Sahl goes on to say that the statement of the Prophet (S)had additional
details. The Prophet (S)would then say, “But they are my companions!” It
will be said to him, “You do not know what alterations [to the creed]
they did after you.” The Prophet (S)shall say, “Crushed, may anyone who
makes changes (to the creed) after me be crushed.”[114]
Abdullāh [ibn
Abbās] is quoted as having cited the Prophet (S)saying the following to
some sahābah: “I shall precede you at the Pool. Some of you, men, shall
be raised to me. If I try to hand them [water], they shall not be able
to reach me. I shall say, `Lord! But these are my companions!` He shall
say, `You do not know what they introduced [into the creed] after
you.”[115]
As a testimony to both past traditions which point out to alterations and innovations introduced into the creed, the Messenger of Allāh (S)compares some of his sahābah to Jewish and Christian nations that altered the Word of Allāh from its rightful place. Abū Sa`īd al-Khudri says that the Prophet (S)has said, “You shall follow the ways of those before you the distance of a span, the distance of a yard, [and so on]. Even if they enter the hole of a lizard, you will still follow them there.” We [the sahābah] said, “The Jews and the Christians?!” He (S)said, “Who else?!”[116] And among the sahābah are those about whom the Almighty said the following in His Glorious Book: “But when they [some sahābah] see some bargain or amusement, they disperse headlong to it and leave you standing” (Qur`ān, 62:11). This verse was revealed about the sahābah who left the Messenger of Allāh (S)delivering his Friday sermon when they heard about a trade caravan that had come from Syria, leaving with him only twelve men from among all the other thousands of sahābah.
As a testimony to both past traditions which point out to alterations and innovations introduced into the creed, the Messenger of Allāh (S)compares some of his sahābah to Jewish and Christian nations that altered the Word of Allāh from its rightful place. Abū Sa`īd al-Khudri says that the Prophet (S)has said, “You shall follow the ways of those before you the distance of a span, the distance of a yard, [and so on]. Even if they enter the hole of a lizard, you will still follow them there.” We [the sahābah] said, “The Jews and the Christians?!” He (S)said, “Who else?!”[116] And among the sahābah are those about whom the Almighty said the following in His Glorious Book: “But when they [some sahābah] see some bargain or amusement, they disperse headlong to it and leave you standing” (Qur`ān, 62:11). This verse was revealed about the sahābah who left the Messenger of Allāh (S)delivering his Friday sermon when they heard about a trade caravan that had come from Syria, leaving with him only twelve men from among all the other thousands of sahābah.
Jābir ibn Abdullāh [al-Ansāri] is quoted as having
said, “A trade caravan came on a Friday while we were with the Prophet .
People left save twelve men; thereupon, Allāh revealed this verse: `But
when they see some bargain or amusement, they disperse headlong to it
and leave you standing` (Qur`ān, 62:11).” In another narrative, he said,
“While we were praying with the Prophet , a caravan came carrying
foodstuffs. They turned to it, leaving with the Prophet (S)only twelve
men; therefore, this verse was revealed: `But when they see some bargain
or amusement, they disperse headlong to it and leave you standing`
(Qur`ān, 62:11).”
The same number of sahābah remained with the Messenger
of Allāh (S)after all the rest had fled away in the Battle of Uhud,
prompting the Messenger of Allāh (S)to dissociate himself from their
action. Al-Barā` ibn `Āzib has said, “My uncle, Anas ibn al-Nadar, was
absent during the battle of Badr, so he said, `O Messenger of Allāh! I
was absent the first day when you fought the polytheists. If Allāh
permits me to be present during the fight against the polytheists, Allāh
will see what I shall do.` When the battle of Uhud approached and the
Muslims dispersed, the Messenger of Allāh (S)said, `Lord! I seek Your
excuse for what these have done,` meaning his sahābah.” [117]
Add to the above what happened during the battle of Hunayn. The flight of the sahābah left a more bitter taste. They numbered in the thousands. The Holy Qur`ān reprimanded them for their abominable action thus: “Assuredly Allāh did help you on many battle-fields and on the Day of Hunayn: Behold! Your great numbers elated you, but they did not avail you at all: The land, for all its vastness, constrained you and you turned back in retreat. But Allāh poured His calm upon the Prophet and upon the believers and sent down forces which you did not see: He punished the unbelievers: Thus does He reward those without faith” (Qur`ān, 9:25-26).
Add to the above what happened during the battle of Hunayn. The flight of the sahābah left a more bitter taste. They numbered in the thousands. The Holy Qur`ān reprimanded them for their abominable action thus: “Assuredly Allāh did help you on many battle-fields and on the Day of Hunayn: Behold! Your great numbers elated you, but they did not avail you at all: The land, for all its vastness, constrained you and you turned back in retreat. But Allāh poured His calm upon the Prophet and upon the believers and sent down forces which you did not see: He punished the unbelievers: Thus does He reward those without faith” (Qur`ān, 9:25-26).
And among the sahābah were those about whom the
Almighty said, “It is not fitting for a Prophet to take prisoners of war
until he has thoroughly subdued the land. You look on the temporal
goods of this world, but Allāh looks to the Hereafter, and Allāh is
Exalted in might, Wise. Had it not been for a previous ordinance from
Allāh, a severe penalty would have reached you for the (ransom) that you
took” (Qur`ān, 8:67-68). This verse was revealed in reference to a band
of the sahābah who were of the view that they should take on the said
caravan and what Abū Sufyān`s caravan was carrying, preferring it over
fighting when the Messenger of Allāh (S)consulted them before the
battle of Badr in order to gauge their readiness and will to fight.
And among the sahābah were those who were rebuked by the Messenger of Allāh (S)for their tribal attitude and their jāhiliyya-type attitudes. It also becomes clear from what is narrated by Jābir ibn Abdullāh [al-Ansāri] who said once, “We were invaders in a campaign. Sufyān was once in an army when a man from the Muhājirūn assaulted a man from the Ansār. The Ansāri man said, `Who supports an Ansāri man?` and the man from among the immigrants said, `Who supports a Muhājir man?` The Messenger of Allāh (S)heard about it, so he said, `What a Jāhili call?!`”[118] This jāhili call almost caused a war between both tribes of al-Aws and al-Khazraj which formed the bulk of the Ansār. `Ā`isha is quoted as having said, “... so Sa`d ibn Mu`ath stood up and said, `O Messenger of Allāh! I shall spare you having to deal with him! If he is one of the Aws, we shall strike his neck with the sword. And if he is from among our Khazraj brothers, you shall order us, and we will carry out your order.` Sa`d ibn `Abādah, master of al-Khazraj, who was before then a good man but his [tribal] zeal may have overcome him, said, `You have lied, by Allāh! We shall kill him, for you are a hypocrite trying to argue on behalf of the hypocrites.` Arguing intensified between the Aws and the Khazraj, and the Messenger of Allāh (S)was at the time on the pulpit. He descended and cooled their anger till they kept silent while he, too, became cool.”[119]
And among the sahābah were those who hated Ali (`a) hatred towards whom is a sign of hypocrisy, as we have already stated. Abū Buraydah has said, “The Prophet (S)sent Ali to Khālid [ibn al-Walīd] to receive the khums tax, and I used to hate Ali who had just had his ghusul, so I said to Khālid, `Don`t you look at this?!` When we went to the Prophets , I mentioned the same to him. He said to me, `O Buraydah! Do you hate Ali?` I said, `Yes`. He (S)said, `Do not hate him, for his share of the khums is a lot more than that.`”[120]
And among the sahābah were those who doubted the wisdom of the decisions of the Prophet (S)as it became obvious when they doubted his wisdom in selecting Usāmah ibn Zayd [as commander of an army]. Some people doubted his leadership. The Prophet , therefore, said, “Do not doubt his authority, for you all used in the past to doubt the authority of his father.”[121]
And among the sahābah were those whom the Messenger of Allāh (S)kicked out of his meeting place when they objected to his order to write his last will and who, instead, described him as hallucinating. Sa`īd ibn Jubayr quotes [Abdullāh] ibn Abbās saying, “Thursday! And what a Thursday it was!” Sa`īd went on to say that Ibn Abbās kept weeping till his tears wetted the pebbles. “So I said,” went on Sa`īd ibn Jubayr, “O Ibn Abbās! What is it with Thursday?!” Ibn Abbās said to him, “The pain [of sickness] of the Messenger of Allāh (S)intensified, so he said, `Bring me a shoulder so I may write for you something after which you shall never stray.` They disputed among themselves, and there must be no dispute in the presence of a Prophet. They said, `What is wrong with him?! Has he hallucinated?! Ask him for an explanation,` so he said, `Leave me alone, for I am better than what you attribute to me.`”[122]
And among the sahābah were those who quarreled over authority following the demise of the Messenger of Allāh , so much so that some of them went as far as asking for the appointment of two rulers, one from the Muhājirūn and one from the Ansār. This proved they did not relinquish their tribal ways of thinking which had been common during the time of jāhiliyya despite their acceptance of Islam as we explained while discussing the events of the Saqīfa.
And among the sahābah were those who were rebuked by the Messenger of Allāh (S)for their tribal attitude and their jāhiliyya-type attitudes. It also becomes clear from what is narrated by Jābir ibn Abdullāh [al-Ansāri] who said once, “We were invaders in a campaign. Sufyān was once in an army when a man from the Muhājirūn assaulted a man from the Ansār. The Ansāri man said, `Who supports an Ansāri man?` and the man from among the immigrants said, `Who supports a Muhājir man?` The Messenger of Allāh (S)heard about it, so he said, `What a Jāhili call?!`”[118] This jāhili call almost caused a war between both tribes of al-Aws and al-Khazraj which formed the bulk of the Ansār. `Ā`isha is quoted as having said, “... so Sa`d ibn Mu`ath stood up and said, `O Messenger of Allāh! I shall spare you having to deal with him! If he is one of the Aws, we shall strike his neck with the sword. And if he is from among our Khazraj brothers, you shall order us, and we will carry out your order.` Sa`d ibn `Abādah, master of al-Khazraj, who was before then a good man but his [tribal] zeal may have overcome him, said, `You have lied, by Allāh! We shall kill him, for you are a hypocrite trying to argue on behalf of the hypocrites.` Arguing intensified between the Aws and the Khazraj, and the Messenger of Allāh (S)was at the time on the pulpit. He descended and cooled their anger till they kept silent while he, too, became cool.”[119]
And among the sahābah were those who hated Ali (`a) hatred towards whom is a sign of hypocrisy, as we have already stated. Abū Buraydah has said, “The Prophet (S)sent Ali to Khālid [ibn al-Walīd] to receive the khums tax, and I used to hate Ali who had just had his ghusul, so I said to Khālid, `Don`t you look at this?!` When we went to the Prophets , I mentioned the same to him. He said to me, `O Buraydah! Do you hate Ali?` I said, `Yes`. He (S)said, `Do not hate him, for his share of the khums is a lot more than that.`”[120]
And among the sahābah were those who doubted the wisdom of the decisions of the Prophet (S)as it became obvious when they doubted his wisdom in selecting Usāmah ibn Zayd [as commander of an army]. Some people doubted his leadership. The Prophet , therefore, said, “Do not doubt his authority, for you all used in the past to doubt the authority of his father.”[121]
And among the sahābah were those whom the Messenger of Allāh (S)kicked out of his meeting place when they objected to his order to write his last will and who, instead, described him as hallucinating. Sa`īd ibn Jubayr quotes [Abdullāh] ibn Abbās saying, “Thursday! And what a Thursday it was!” Sa`īd went on to say that Ibn Abbās kept weeping till his tears wetted the pebbles. “So I said,” went on Sa`īd ibn Jubayr, “O Ibn Abbās! What is it with Thursday?!” Ibn Abbās said to him, “The pain [of sickness] of the Messenger of Allāh (S)intensified, so he said, `Bring me a shoulder so I may write for you something after which you shall never stray.` They disputed among themselves, and there must be no dispute in the presence of a Prophet. They said, `What is wrong with him?! Has he hallucinated?! Ask him for an explanation,` so he said, `Leave me alone, for I am better than what you attribute to me.`”[122]
And among the sahābah were those who quarreled over authority following the demise of the Messenger of Allāh , so much so that some of them went as far as asking for the appointment of two rulers, one from the Muhājirūn and one from the Ansār. This proved they did not relinquish their tribal ways of thinking which had been common during the time of jāhiliyya despite their acceptance of Islam as we explained while discussing the events of the Saqīfa.
Perhaps the exaggeration of the Sunnis in raising the status
of a sahābi stems from the honor of his having accompanied the Prophet ,
but this is not more honoring than marrying his daughter, for Allāh
Almighty has said the following about the women of the Prophet : “O
consorts of the Prophet! If any of you were guilty of evident unseemly
conduct, the punishment would be doubled to her, and that is easy for
Allāh. But any of you who is devout in the service of Allāh and His
Prophet, and does righteous deeds, to her We shall grant reward twice
[as much] and We have prepared a generous sustenance for her” (Qur`ān,
33:30-31).
Similarly, He has said the following about the disobedience
of the Prophet (S)of `Ā`isha and Hafsa: “ If both of you turn in
repentance to Him, your hearts are indeed so inclined; but if you back
each other up against him, truly Allāh is his Protector, and [so is]
Gabriel and the righteous among those who believe!and the angels too. It
may be, if he divorced you (all), that Allāh will give him consorts
better than you in exchange!who submit (their wills), who believe, who
are devout, who turn to Allāh in repentance, who worship (in humility),
who travel (for faith) and fast, previously married or virgins. O you
who believe! Save yourselves and your families from a fire whose fuel is
men and stones, over which stern (and) strong angels are appointed,
(angels) who do not flinch (from executing) the commands they receive
from Allāh, but do (precisely) what they are commanded. (They will say,)
O you unbelievers! Make no excuses this Day! You are only being
requited for all that you did! O you who believe! Turn to Allāh with
sincere repentance: In the hope that your Lord will remove your ills and
admit you into gardens beneath which rivers flow!the Day that Allāh
will not permit the Prophet and the believers with him to be humiliated.
Their light will shine before them and on their right hands, while they
say, “Lord! Perfect our light for us, and grant us forgiveness, for You
have power over all things. O Prophet! Strive hard against the
unbelievers and the hypocrites, and be firm against them. Their abode is
Hell!a (truly) evil refuge. Allāh sets forth, as an example to the
unbelievers, the wife of Noah and the wife of Lot: They were
(respectively) under two of Our righteous servants, but they were false
to their (husbands), and they benefitted nothing before Allāh on their
account but were told, “Enter the Fire along with (others) who enter!”
(Qur`ān, 66:4-10).
What we are trying to say is that keeping a lot of company with the Prophet (S)does not necessarily mean a higher degree of imān for such companions, in addition to the past narratives about the companions of the Prophet . What is narrated about the wives of the Prophet (S)is similar if not more perplexing and harsh. For example, Ibn Abbās is quoted as having said, “I kept for a whole year trying to ask `Umar about the couple of women who disobeyed the Prophet , but I kept fearing him. One day, he went to a house, and when he got out of it, I asked him. He said, `They were `Ā`isha and Hafsa.` Then he added saying, `During the time of jāhiliyya, we held women as worthless, but when Islam came and Allāh made references to them, we realized that we have some obligations towards them without our having to force them to do anything. My wife and I had an argument, so I became rough with her and said, `You are such and such.` She said to me, `Do you say this to me while your own daughter harms [the feelings of] the Messenger of Allāh ?!` I, therefore, went to Hafsa and said, `I warn you against disobeying Allāh and His Messenger!`”[123] `Ā`isha has also said, “The Messenger of Allāh (S)had a honey drink served to him once by Zainab daughter of Jahsh, and he stayed with her. I and Hafsa conspired that if he (S)visited either of us, he would be told that he had eaten Maghafir [plant] and that he smelled of Maghafir. When he was told, he said, `No, but I had a honey drink at the home of Zainab daughter of Jahsh, and I shall not do so again.` He (S)asked her to swear not to tell anyone about it.”[124] `Ā`isha also said, “The wives of the Prophet (S)used to form two parties. One of them included `Ā`isha (herself), Hafsa, Safiyya and Sawda, and the other included Umm Salamah and the rest of the Prophet`s wives.”[125] `Ā`isha has also said, “I used to feel jealous of the women who offered themselves to the Messenger of Allāh (S)and say, `Does a woman really offer himself?!` When the following verses were revealed: `There is no blame on you if you make an offer of marriage or hold it in your hearts. Allāh knows that you cherish them in your hearts, but do not make a secret contract with them except on honorable terms, nor should you sign the marriage contract till the prescribed term is fulfilled. And be informed that Allāh knows what is in your hearts, and take heed of Him, and be informed that Allāh is oft-Forgiving, Most Forbearing` (Qur`ān, 2:235), I said (to him), `I can see how your Lord is swift in fulfilling your heart`s desires.”[126] `Ā`isha has also said, “Hāla daughter of Khuwaylid, sister of Khadīja, sought permission once to visit the Messenger of Allāh (S)who recognized how Khadīja used to seek permission, so he was quite upset about it and said, `Lord! I hope it is Hāla!` I, thereupon, felt jealous and said, `Why do you still remember one of Quraysh`s old women with red eyes who has for some time been dead since Allāh has replaced her for you with someone better than her [meaning herself]?”[127] In yet another narrative, `Ā`isha made a reference to Khadīja who distinguished herself from all other wives of the Prophet . She believed in the message of the Prophet (S)while people then called him a liar. She offered all her wealth to him when people deprived him of theirs. And he was blessed with children by her. All this explains why `Ā`isha was so jealous of her especially since the Messenger of Allāh (S)used to always mention her virtues even after her death, and this contradicts the claim of `Ā`isha that Allāh had granted the Prophet (S)a woman better than her [than Khadīja]. `Ā`isha is also quoted as having said, “I never felt jealous of the Prophet`s wives as much as I felt jealous of Khadīja. Although I never saw her, the Prophet (S)used to mention her quite often. He may slaughter a she-camel then cut the meat into pieces then send them to Khadīja`s friends. I may say to him that it was as though there was no woman in the world except Khadīja, and he would say that she was such and such, and that Allāh granted him children by her.”[128]
Those who believe in the “justice” of all the sahābah base their belief on their claim that the Messenger of Allāh (S)said, “My companions are like the stars: Whomsoever you emulate, you shall be guided.” In another such narrative, the wording states: “... If you follow the statements of any of them..., etc.” Although the Sunnis do not openly advocate that all the sahābah were infallible, yet anyone who claims the authenticity of this narrative must necessarily believe in the infallibility of all of them. This is so because it is not possible that the Messenger of Allāh (S)should order the absolute emulation, without any term or condition, as this supposed narrative claims, of someone who may disobey him.
Hence, the past traditions which call for a serious reconsideration and contemplation of the “justice” of many sahābis are mostly in reference to those who kept company with the Messenger of Allāh (S)for a long period of time; so, what would you say about the “justice” of those who were labeled as “sahābah” for merely seeing the Messenger of Allāh (S)even for one moment? And why should there be such an exaggeration anyway?! Can one acquire “justice” and “piety” by merely seeing the Messenger of Allāh (S)for one moment, or can it be acquired by obeying the Messenger of Allāh (S)and emulating him with good intentions and sincerity?
Such a contradiction, which is rejected by sound reason and by the human nature, may become gloriously obvious in the way how some Sunni “scholars”, such as Ibn Taymiyyah, preferred Mu`āwiyah ibn Abū Sufyān over the ascetic caliph `Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz for no reason except that Mu`āwiyah was a “sahābi” and `Umar was a “tābi`i” despite the fact that `Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz was very famous for his piety and justice, unlike Mu`āwiyah who was famous for creating the greatest dissension among the Muslims in Siffeen and for disobeying the Commander of the Faithful Ali (`a) as we have already stated. Add to this the fame which `Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz acquired as the fifth righteous caliph according to the Sunnis themselves, something which by itself proves that Mu`āwiyah was not a righteous caliph at all. Thus, nobody can be called “righteous” only because he was a companion of the Messenger of Allāh .
It is useful to ask in this regard: Who occupies a higher degree: those who believed in the Messenger of Allāh (S)after having witnessed scores of divine miracles with their own eyes or those who believed in Islam without seeing any of them?! The fact is that I could never see an explanation for such an exaggeration in the degree of “piety” of the sahābah and the publicity for the concept that they were all just except to close the door in the face of anyone who criticizes some sahābis who worked hard to push caliphate away from its rightful owners. Thus, many Sunnis reject all the irrefutable proofs that Ahl al-Bayt (`a) were more fit to be the Imāms of the Muslims for no reason except they believe in the “justice” of all the sahābah. They, therefore, consider anything which these “sahābis” had done as “correct.”
As regarding those who worked hard to disseminate this wrong concept, they did so because they regarded the Imāms from among Ahl al-Bayt (`a) as posing a danger to their thrones due to their knowledge that those Imāms were right in their claim. There was a need, therefore, to apply a sort of smoke-screen and confusion to such traditions and Qur`ānic verses which highlighted the status of these Imāms (`a) while raising the status of ALL the sahābah so that the Imāms from among Ahl al-Bayt (`a) would not have the distinction which qualified them to be the choice of Allāh Almighty as well as that of the majority of the Islamic nation following the demise of the Chosen One .
Hence, the wordings and meanings of the above-cited alleged tradition which says that ALL the sahābah are “stars” are modeled after a tradition of the Messenger of Allāh (S)which says, “The stars offer security for the people of the earth against drowning, while my Ahl al-Bayt (`a) offer them security against dissension [with regard to religious issues]; therefore, if an Arab tribe opposes them, they will differ and become the party of Eblis.”[129]
One of the most significant negative effects which came as the outcome of believing in the “justice” of ALL the sahābah is the existence of such a huge quantity of erroneous narratives in the books of hadīth. These include what is cited through Jewish and Christian sources and other myths which are all used to cast doubts about the Islamic creed. Such narratives have been accepted and held as being authentic merely because they were narrated by the sahābah despite all the latter`s deeds which can be criticized as we explained about many past narratives.
What we are trying to say is that keeping a lot of company with the Prophet (S)does not necessarily mean a higher degree of imān for such companions, in addition to the past narratives about the companions of the Prophet . What is narrated about the wives of the Prophet (S)is similar if not more perplexing and harsh. For example, Ibn Abbās is quoted as having said, “I kept for a whole year trying to ask `Umar about the couple of women who disobeyed the Prophet , but I kept fearing him. One day, he went to a house, and when he got out of it, I asked him. He said, `They were `Ā`isha and Hafsa.` Then he added saying, `During the time of jāhiliyya, we held women as worthless, but when Islam came and Allāh made references to them, we realized that we have some obligations towards them without our having to force them to do anything. My wife and I had an argument, so I became rough with her and said, `You are such and such.` She said to me, `Do you say this to me while your own daughter harms [the feelings of] the Messenger of Allāh ?!` I, therefore, went to Hafsa and said, `I warn you against disobeying Allāh and His Messenger!`”[123] `Ā`isha has also said, “The Messenger of Allāh (S)had a honey drink served to him once by Zainab daughter of Jahsh, and he stayed with her. I and Hafsa conspired that if he (S)visited either of us, he would be told that he had eaten Maghafir [plant] and that he smelled of Maghafir. When he was told, he said, `No, but I had a honey drink at the home of Zainab daughter of Jahsh, and I shall not do so again.` He (S)asked her to swear not to tell anyone about it.”[124] `Ā`isha also said, “The wives of the Prophet (S)used to form two parties. One of them included `Ā`isha (herself), Hafsa, Safiyya and Sawda, and the other included Umm Salamah and the rest of the Prophet`s wives.”[125] `Ā`isha has also said, “I used to feel jealous of the women who offered themselves to the Messenger of Allāh (S)and say, `Does a woman really offer himself?!` When the following verses were revealed: `There is no blame on you if you make an offer of marriage or hold it in your hearts. Allāh knows that you cherish them in your hearts, but do not make a secret contract with them except on honorable terms, nor should you sign the marriage contract till the prescribed term is fulfilled. And be informed that Allāh knows what is in your hearts, and take heed of Him, and be informed that Allāh is oft-Forgiving, Most Forbearing` (Qur`ān, 2:235), I said (to him), `I can see how your Lord is swift in fulfilling your heart`s desires.”[126] `Ā`isha has also said, “Hāla daughter of Khuwaylid, sister of Khadīja, sought permission once to visit the Messenger of Allāh (S)who recognized how Khadīja used to seek permission, so he was quite upset about it and said, `Lord! I hope it is Hāla!` I, thereupon, felt jealous and said, `Why do you still remember one of Quraysh`s old women with red eyes who has for some time been dead since Allāh has replaced her for you with someone better than her [meaning herself]?”[127] In yet another narrative, `Ā`isha made a reference to Khadīja who distinguished herself from all other wives of the Prophet . She believed in the message of the Prophet (S)while people then called him a liar. She offered all her wealth to him when people deprived him of theirs. And he was blessed with children by her. All this explains why `Ā`isha was so jealous of her especially since the Messenger of Allāh (S)used to always mention her virtues even after her death, and this contradicts the claim of `Ā`isha that Allāh had granted the Prophet (S)a woman better than her [than Khadīja]. `Ā`isha is also quoted as having said, “I never felt jealous of the Prophet`s wives as much as I felt jealous of Khadīja. Although I never saw her, the Prophet (S)used to mention her quite often. He may slaughter a she-camel then cut the meat into pieces then send them to Khadīja`s friends. I may say to him that it was as though there was no woman in the world except Khadīja, and he would say that she was such and such, and that Allāh granted him children by her.”[128]
Those who believe in the “justice” of all the sahābah base their belief on their claim that the Messenger of Allāh (S)said, “My companions are like the stars: Whomsoever you emulate, you shall be guided.” In another such narrative, the wording states: “... If you follow the statements of any of them..., etc.” Although the Sunnis do not openly advocate that all the sahābah were infallible, yet anyone who claims the authenticity of this narrative must necessarily believe in the infallibility of all of them. This is so because it is not possible that the Messenger of Allāh (S)should order the absolute emulation, without any term or condition, as this supposed narrative claims, of someone who may disobey him.
Hence, the past traditions which call for a serious reconsideration and contemplation of the “justice” of many sahābis are mostly in reference to those who kept company with the Messenger of Allāh (S)for a long period of time; so, what would you say about the “justice” of those who were labeled as “sahābah” for merely seeing the Messenger of Allāh (S)even for one moment? And why should there be such an exaggeration anyway?! Can one acquire “justice” and “piety” by merely seeing the Messenger of Allāh (S)for one moment, or can it be acquired by obeying the Messenger of Allāh (S)and emulating him with good intentions and sincerity?
Such a contradiction, which is rejected by sound reason and by the human nature, may become gloriously obvious in the way how some Sunni “scholars”, such as Ibn Taymiyyah, preferred Mu`āwiyah ibn Abū Sufyān over the ascetic caliph `Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz for no reason except that Mu`āwiyah was a “sahābi” and `Umar was a “tābi`i” despite the fact that `Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz was very famous for his piety and justice, unlike Mu`āwiyah who was famous for creating the greatest dissension among the Muslims in Siffeen and for disobeying the Commander of the Faithful Ali (`a) as we have already stated. Add to this the fame which `Umar ibn Abd al-Azīz acquired as the fifth righteous caliph according to the Sunnis themselves, something which by itself proves that Mu`āwiyah was not a righteous caliph at all. Thus, nobody can be called “righteous” only because he was a companion of the Messenger of Allāh .
It is useful to ask in this regard: Who occupies a higher degree: those who believed in the Messenger of Allāh (S)after having witnessed scores of divine miracles with their own eyes or those who believed in Islam without seeing any of them?! The fact is that I could never see an explanation for such an exaggeration in the degree of “piety” of the sahābah and the publicity for the concept that they were all just except to close the door in the face of anyone who criticizes some sahābis who worked hard to push caliphate away from its rightful owners. Thus, many Sunnis reject all the irrefutable proofs that Ahl al-Bayt (`a) were more fit to be the Imāms of the Muslims for no reason except they believe in the “justice” of all the sahābah. They, therefore, consider anything which these “sahābis” had done as “correct.”
As regarding those who worked hard to disseminate this wrong concept, they did so because they regarded the Imāms from among Ahl al-Bayt (`a) as posing a danger to their thrones due to their knowledge that those Imāms were right in their claim. There was a need, therefore, to apply a sort of smoke-screen and confusion to such traditions and Qur`ānic verses which highlighted the status of these Imāms (`a) while raising the status of ALL the sahābah so that the Imāms from among Ahl al-Bayt (`a) would not have the distinction which qualified them to be the choice of Allāh Almighty as well as that of the majority of the Islamic nation following the demise of the Chosen One .
Hence, the wordings and meanings of the above-cited alleged tradition which says that ALL the sahābah are “stars” are modeled after a tradition of the Messenger of Allāh (S)which says, “The stars offer security for the people of the earth against drowning, while my Ahl al-Bayt (`a) offer them security against dissension [with regard to religious issues]; therefore, if an Arab tribe opposes them, they will differ and become the party of Eblis.”[129]
One of the most significant negative effects which came as the outcome of believing in the “justice” of ALL the sahābah is the existence of such a huge quantity of erroneous narratives in the books of hadīth. These include what is cited through Jewish and Christian sources and other myths which are all used to cast doubts about the Islamic creed. Such narratives have been accepted and held as being authentic merely because they were narrated by the sahābah despite all the latter`s deeds which can be criticized as we explained about many past narratives.
Notes:
[113]Sahīh Muslim as explained by al-Nawawi, Vol. 1, p. 28 (published by Dār al-Sha`b).
[114]Al-Bukhāri, Sahīh, Vol. 9, p. 144, in the book of dissensions in a chapter titled “Beware of dissension that will specifically afflict those from among you who oppressed”.
[115]Ibid.
[116]Ibid., Vol. 9, p. 315, in the book of shielding with the Book and the Sunnah in a chapter about following past nations.
[117]Ibid., Vol. 4, p. 47 in the Book of Jihād in a chapter about the verse saying, “Among the believers are men who proved truthful..., etc.”
[118]Ibid., Vol. 6, p. 397, in the book of Tafsīr in a chapter about this verse: “Whether you ask for their forgiveness or not, (their sin is unforgivable:) If you ask seventy times for their forgiveness, Allāh will not forgive them because they have rejected Allāh and His Prophet, and Allāh does not guide those who are perversely rebellious” (Qur`ān, 9:80).
[119]Ibid., Vol. 3, p. 508 in the book of testimonies.
[120]Ibid., Vol. 5, p. 447 in the book of military campaigns in a chapter about dispatching Ali (`a) and Khālid, may Allāh be pleased with both of them, to Yemen.
[121]Ibid., Vol. 5, p. 57 in the book of the virtues of the sahābah, in a chapter about Zayd`s virtues.
[122]Ibid., Vol. 4, p. 260 in the book of khums in a chapter about getting the Jews out of the Arabian Peninsula.
[123]Ibid., vo. 7 pp. 72-404 in the book about clothes
[124]Ibid., Vol. 6, p. 404 in the book of Tafsīr in a chapter about the verse saying, “O Prophet! Why do you prohibit [yourself from enjoying what] Allāh has made lawful to you?”
[125]Ibid., Vol. 3, p. 454 in the book about gifting in a chapter about one giving his friend a gift.
[126]Ibid., Vol. 6, p. 295 in the book explaining the verse “... make an offer of marriage or hold it in your hearts...” (Qur`ān, 2:235).
[127]Ibid., Vol. 5, p. 105 in the book of the virtues of al-Ansār in a chapter about the Prophet (S)marrying Khadīja and her distinctions.
[128]Ibid., Vol. 5, p. 104 in the book of the virtues of al-Ansār in a chapter about the Prophet (S)marrying Khadīja and her distinctions.
[129]Refer to Mustadrak al-Sahihayn.
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