Are All One Hundred Thousand Companions Of Prophet Muhammad (saw) In Paradise?

The Incident of Al-Hudaibiya 6 A.H.
According to the so called Ahl al-Sunnah, all of those who gave the bay’ah to the Prophet on the day of Hudaybiyyah were the first set of Sabiqun in Islam. Hudaibiya was an important event which took place during the formation of Islam. It was a pivotal treaty between Prophet Muhammad (saw) and the Pagan tribe of the Quraish. The Holy Prophet (saw) had been informed that the Pagans would prevent the Muslims from performing 'Umrah.' Therefore he wanted to send a message to the Quraish that he (saw) wanted peace and would resolve the matters through discussion. The Holy Prophet (saw) requested Umar bin Khattab to go as an ambassador, but due to his convenience of becoming sick, Uthman ibn Affan was sent as an alternative. However, the people of Quraish detained him. The Messenger of Allah (saw) thought that he had been killed and thus called for a pledge of allegiance from all of his companions. The Prophet (saw) sat beneath a tree and proposed that the companions give an oath of allegiance.

والسابقون الأوّلون من المهاجرين والأنصار والذين اتّبعوهم بإحسان رضي اللّه عنهم، ورضوا عنه وأعدّ لهم جنّات تجري  تحتها الأنهار خالدين فيها أبداً ذلك الفوز العظيم
"And the foremost (Sabiqun) of the Muhajirin and the Anṣar and those who followed them. Allah is well-pleased with them as they are well-pleased with Him. He has prepared for them gardens under which rivers flow, to dwell therein forever. That is the supreme success."
Holy Qur'aan (9.100)

Therefore, the earliest Sabiqun in this Ummah are from the Muhajirun and Ansar, while there have always been Sabiqun in every age of this Ummah. Sabiqun will exist till the final Hour. 

Al-Albani:
The Prophet (saw) said 'In EVERY age of my Ummah are Sabiqun'.
Footnote: Narration is Saheeh 'Authentic'

Source: Saheeh al Jamia al Saghir. Vol. 2. Pg. H. # 4267.

Al-Albani:

The Prophet (saw) said 'In EVERY age of my Ummah are Sabiqun'.

Footnote: Narration is Saheeh 'Authentic'. And the first hadeeth that I present in this volume is this saying of the Prophet (saw) said:"In every century of my Ummah there are Sabiqun". In this narration there is a great glad tidings for this Ummah of Muhammad (saw) to continue acting on Allah's commands in every century, and that He says in Qur'aan (then, we gave the book as an inheritance to those of our worshipers whom we chose. among them, is he who was harmful to himself, and some who minimize, and some who, by the permission of Allah, race in charity, this is the greatest virtue. 35:32), shows that it is not only for one century and not for the others, it is rather general in every age, as opposed to what is narrated from A'isha that those were in the time of the Prophet (saw) proceeded ahead in goodness, and besides that it opposes that above and Saheeh narration, in this narration (i.e. narration of A'isha) there are narrators who are Al-Matruk (a Hadeeth related by a weak person, because, e.g., he is known to lie. His Hadeeth is abandoned)

Source: Silsalat al-Hadeeth as-Saheeha. Vol.5. Pg. # 2.

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ أُوْلَـئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ الْبَرِيَّةِ - جَزَآؤُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّـتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِى مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَداً رِّضِىَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُواْ عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِىَ رَبَّهُ

Verily, those who believe and do righteous good deeds, they are the best of creatures. Their reward with their Lord is Adn Paradise, under which rivers flow, they wil abide therein forever. Allah is well-pleased with them, and they are well-pleased with Him. That is for him who fears his Lord.

Holy Qur'aan (98.7)

Belief and good deeds are fundamental conditions for Allah’s pleasure. Allah (swt) is pleased with Sabiqun only because they have true belief and do righteous good deeds. And they (Sabiqun) too are pleased with Him (swt) on account of their perfect belief. It is well-known that kuffar, fasiqun (i.e. evil-doers), hypocrites and people with a disease in their heart are not pleased with our Lord. None of the Sabiqun or their followers therefore is ever a kafir, fasiq or hypocrites of any sort. Moreover, Allah (swt) has promised Paradise to Sabiqun and their followers only on account of their faith and good righteous deeds.

{لَقَدْ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِذْ يُبَايِعُونَكَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ فَعَلِمَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَأَنزَلَ السَّكِينَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَثَابَهُمْ فَتْحًا قَرِيبًا}

{Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they gave the Bay'ah (pledge) to you (O Muhammad) under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down As-Sakinah (calmness and tranquillity) upon them, and He rewarded them with a near victory.}

Holy Qur'aan (48:18)

Al Bukhari:

Narrated Al-Bara: We were one-thousand-and-four-hundred persons on the day of Al-Hudaibiya (Treaty), and (at) Al-Hudaibiya (there) was a well. We drew out its water, not leaving even a single drop. The Prophet (saw) sat at the edge of the well and asked for some water with which he rinsed his mouth and then he threw it out into the well. We stayed for a short while and then drew water from the well and quenched our thirst, and even our riding animals drank water to their satisfaction. 

Source: Saheeh Al-Bukhari. Pg. # 881, H. # 3577.

Muslim bin Hajjaj:

It has been narrated on the authority of Jabir who said: We were one thousand and four hundred on the day of Hudaibiya. We swore fealty to him (the Holy Prophet) and Umar was holding the latter's hand (when he was sitting) under the tree (called) Samura (to administer the oath to the companions). The narrator added: We took oath to the effect that we would not flee, but we did not take oath to fight to death.
Source: Saheeh Muslim. Vol. 2, Pg. # 900.

Al Albani:

Narrated Jabir bin Abdullah: "We did not pledge to the Messenger of Allah (saw) for death, but only that we would not flee." Aboo Isa said: This Hadeeth is 'Hasan Saheeh,' meaning both of the Hadeeth are Saheeh. Some of his companions pledged to him for death, they said only: "We will not leave from in front of you as long as we are not killed." While others pledged him by saying: "We will not flee."
Footnote: Al-Albani says it is Saheeh (Authentic).

Source: Saheeh Al-Tirmidhi. H # 1590, Pg. # 376.

 إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُبَايِعُونَكَ إِنَّمَا يُبَايِعُونَ اللَّهَ يَدُ اللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَمَن نَّكَثَ فَإِنَّمَا يَنكُثُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ أَوْفَى بِمَا عَـهَدَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّهَ فَسَيُؤْتِيهِ أَجْراً عَظِيماً

Verily, those who give pledge to you, they are giving  pledge to Allah. The Hand of Allah is over their hands. Then whosoever breaks his pledge, breaks it only to his own harm; and whosoever fulfills what the covenants he makes with Allah, He will bestow on him a great reward. 

Holy Qur'aan (48.10)

The covenant of Allah (swt) is only with those who kept their pledge and did not break it. Let us now investigate in to some of those very individuals who gave their oaths to the Prophet (saw) and thereafter broke it and transgressed according to the verse.

Pledge Broken From Fleeing In Battle

1300 Companions Fled From The Battle Of Hunayn 8 A.H.

Al Bukhari:

Narrated Al-Laith from Yahya Ibn Sa'eed from Umar Ibn Kathir Ibn Aflah from Abi Muhammad Mawla Abi Qotada that Aba Qotada said: 'When it was the day of (the battle of) Hunayn, I saw a Muslim man fighting with one of the Pagans and another Pagan was hiding himself behind the Muslim in order to kill him. So I hurried towards the Pagan who was hiding behind the Muslim to kill him, and he raised his hand to hit me but I hit his hand and cut it off. That man got hold of me and pressed me so hard that I was afraid (that I would die), then he knelt down and his grip became loose and I pushed him and killed him. The Muslims started fleeing and I too, fled with them. Suddenly I met Umar bin Al-Khattab amongst the people and I asked him, "What is wrong with the people?" He said, "It is the order of Allah." Then the people returned to Allah's Apostle (after defeating the enemy). Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever produces a proof that he has killed an infidel, will have the spoils of the killed man." So I got up to look for an evidence to prove that I had killed an infidel, but I could not find anyone to bear witness for me, so I sat down. Then it came to my mind (that I should speak of it) and I mentioned the case to Allah's Apostle. A man from the persons who were sitting with him (i.e. the Prophet), said, "The arms of the deceased one whom he (i.e. Abu Qatada) has mentioned, are with me, so please compensate him for it (i.e. the spoils)." Aboo Bakr said, "No, Allah's Apostle will not give it (i.e. the spoils) to a weak humble person from Quraish and leave one of Allah's Lions who fights on behalf of Allah and His Apostle." Allah's Apostle then got up and gave that (spoils) to me, and I bought with it, a garden which was the first property I got after embracing Islam.'

Source: Saheeh Al-Bukhari. Pg. # 1056 - 1057.

Umar ibn Al-Khattab was among those who fled, and his son Abdullah Ibn Umar sheds further light on this by stating that barely one hundred men remained on the battlefield of Hunayn. In other words, more than 1300 men had broken their pledge given at Hudaibiya.

Al Albani:

Narrated Ibn Umar: "Indeed we saw the day of Hunayn, and indeed the two armies fled from the Messenger of Allah (saw), and there did not remain (even) a hundred men with the Messenger of Allah (saw)."

Al-Albani said: This chain is Saheeh (Authentic).

Aboo Isa Al-Tirmidhi said: This Hadeeth is Hasan Gharib as a narration of Ubaidullah. We do not know of it except from this route.

Source: Saheeh Sunan Tirmidhi. Vol. 2, Pg. # 250 - 251.

'Aboo Al-Ghadiyah Al-Juhani' 

- Pledge broken by Killing Ammar Bin Yassir (r.a)!

Ammar Ibn Yassir (r.a):

Ammar ibn Yassir (r.a) was one of the companions of the Holy Prophet Muhammed (saw). He was one of the emigrants and is one of the four revered companions of Imam Alee (a.s) who had been given the title of being a 'Shi'ee' by the Prophet (saw) himself. Ammar (r.a) was born around 570 A.D and even prior to his conversion, he was a close friend of the Prophet (saw). During the propagation of Islam, Ammar (r.a) contributed in building the first mosque in Madinah. According to numerous narrations on this very incident and on other occasions, the Prophet (saw) foretold that he would be killed by a rebel group. This Prophecy was later fulfilled during the Battle of Siffin, which was lead by the army of Mu'awiyah and he (r.a) was killed mercilessly.

Ibn Taymiyyah:

The one who killed Ammar bin Yassir is Aboo Al-Ghadiyah and it is said he was one of those who gave bay'ah (swore allegiance) at Al-Ridwan. Ibn Hazim narrated that "We swear heaven for Ammar and as for his killers they believe that heaven is for him also". 

Source: Minhaj Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiya. Vol. 6, Pg. # 205.

Ibn Taymiyyah:

With Muawiyah were some of the first set of Sabiqun. Even the murderer of ‘Ammar, and that was Aboo al-Ghadiyah, he was one of those who gave the pledge under the tree, and they are the first group of Sabiqun.

Source: Minhaj Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiya. Vol. 4, Pg. # 333.

Ibn Athir:

Aboo Al-Ghadiyah Al-Juhani gave his pledge to the Prophet (saw).

Source: Usdul Ghabah Fi Marifat -us- Sahabah. Vol. 6, Pg. # 267, Person # 6147.

Al-Dhahabi:

He attended to Prophet (saw) and gave his pledge.

Source: Tarikh Al-Islam. Vol. 4, Pg. # 135.

Al-Albani:

Narrated of Abi Ghadya, he said: I heard Ammar bin Yassir being insulted by Uthman in Madinah. He said: "So I promised that I would kill him, that if Allah would give me the possibility (to do so), then I would do it! And when the Day of Siffin occurred, he made Ammar come upon the people, then it was said that this was Ammar. Then I saw a gap between the two bellows and the two legs. Then I came upon him and stabbed him in his knee. Then he fell, then I killed him!" Then it was said: "You have killed Ammar bin Yassir!" And Amroo bin Al-Aas told, and he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say: "The killer and the robber of Ammar shall be in Hell!" Then it was said to Amroo bin Al-Aas: "Indeed, you are the one who fights him!" Then he said: He (i.e. the Prophet) said: "His killer and his robber!"

Footnote: The chain of narration is Saheeh 'Authentic'. 

Source: Al-Silsila Al-Saheeha. Vol. 5, Pg. # 19.

Categories: Arabic - العربية , English